How many doses of hib vaccine

Historical note: Haemophilus influenzae was first isolated in from the sputum of a patient who died of influenza, and the isolated organism then called the Pfeiffer bacillus was assumed to have caused the patient's illness. Haemophilus influenzae received its name in , to acknowledge its historical association with influenza. The viral cause of influenza was not discovered until Vaccine Recommendations Back to top Where can I find the most recent recommendations for Hib vaccines?

Guidance for Hib vaccination is also provided in the annual childhood immunization schedule, available at www. What Hib vaccines are available in the United States? These vaccines are composed of Hib purified polyribosylribitol phosphate PRP capsular polysaccharide chemically bound conjugated to a protein to enhance the quality of the immune response to PRP. All three vaccines are approved for infants in a 3- or 4-dose series depending on brand. One combination vaccine containing Hib is currently available in the United States.

What are the recommendations for Hib vaccination in the United States? The ACIP recommends routine administration of a conjugate Hib vaccine series for all infants beginning at age 2 months. The first dose can be administered as early as age 6 weeks. Hib-containing vaccine should not be given before 6 weeks of age.

Doses given before 12 months of age should be separated by at least 4 weeks. A booster dose which will be dose 3 or 4 depending on vaccine type used in primary series of any Hib-containing vaccine is recommended at age 12 through 15 months and at least 8 weeks after the most recent Hib dose. Medically stable preterm infants should be vaccinated beginning at age 2 months according to the schedule recommended for other infants, on the basis of chronological age.

Unimmunized children 60 months and older who have HIV infection should receive 1 dose of Hib vaccine. Can all of the licensed Hib-containing vaccines be used interchangeably? If either ActHIB, Vaxelis, Pentacel, or Hiberix is used for a routine primary series dose, a complete routine primary series consists of three doses. Scheduling and Administering Vaccine Back to top What is the Hib vaccine schedule for children who have fallen behind or are completely unvaccinated?

The catch-up schedule will help determine the number of additional doses needed and the minimum intervals between doses. However, if a healthy child receives a dose of Hib vaccine at 15 months of age or older, he or she does not need any further doses regardless of the number of doses received before 15 months of age. Some high-risk children between the ages of 15 months and 59 months will be recommended for two doses of Hib vaccine based on previous history of incomplete vaccination.

If a healthy child receives a dose of Hib vaccine at 15 months of age or older, he or she does not need any further doses regardless of the number of doses received before 15 months of age.

If the child received a primary series 2 or 3 doses of Hib vaccine in the first year of life, then the final booster dose of the series may be given as early as 12 months, provided at least 2 months have passed since the last dose.

A 4-year-old received dose 3 of Hib at age 6 months. Does the child need dose 4? All children less than 5 years old need at least one dose of Hib vaccine on or after the first birthday. The last dose should be separated from the previous dose by at least 8 weeks. I've just evaluated a 7-year old who does not have a record of receiving Hib vaccine. Would a dose be indicated now? ACIP does not recommend routine Hib vaccination of healthy children 59 months of age or older, even if they have no prior history of Hib vaccination.

If a dose of Hib vaccine was given by mistake to a 2-week-old, should further doses of Hib vaccine be given? Limited data suggest that Hib vaccine given before 6 weeks of age may induce immunologic tolerance to Hib antigen and reduce the response to subsequent doses. As a result, Hib vaccine should not be given earlier than 6 weeks of age. However, if a dose was administered before 6 weeks of age, it should not be counted as part of the Hib series.

A full series of 3 or 4 doses, depending on the product used, should be started at 2 months of age as usual. No special protocol or testing is recommended for children who received a dose of Hib vaccine before 6 weeks of age. Which adults should receive Hib vaccine? Hib vaccine is not routinely recommended for healthy adults 19 years and older, even if the person did not receive Hib vaccine as a child.

However, ACIP recommends that one dose of Hib vaccine should be administered to persons who have anatomical or functional asplenia or sickle cell disease or are undergoing elective splenectomy if they have not previously received Hib vaccine.

Hib vaccine should be administered 14 or more days before splenectomy if possible. Recipients of a hematopoietic stem cell transplant should be vaccinated with a 3-dose series of Hib vaccine 6 to 12 months after a successful transplant, regardless of vaccination history; at least 4 weeks should separate doses.

Hib vaccine is not recommended for adults with HIV infection since their risk for Hib disease is low. When should Hib vaccine be administered to a person having a splenectomy? When elective splenectomy is planned, vaccination with pneumococcal, meningococcal, and Hib vaccines should precede surgery by at least 2 weeks, if possible.

If vaccines are not administered before surgery, they should be administered as soon as the person's condition stabilizes after surgery. Should adult patients who are not asplenic but who have hypogammaglobulinemia receive Hib vaccine? The Hib ACIP statement includes immunoglobulin deficiency in its "high-risk groups" for Hib disease, but the recommendations seem to imply that Hib vaccine is not necessarily for adults with immunoglobulin deficiency whose spleen is intact.

You are interpreting the recommendations correctly, and age is an important factor in this issue. The recommendation for Hib vaccination for asplenia applies to persons of all ages. The recommendation for Hib vaccination for immunoglobulin deficiency applies only to children 12 through 59 months of age.

If a child receives a different brands of Hib vaccine at 2 and 4 months of age should a dose also be given at 6 months of age? If different brands of Hib vaccine are given at 2 and 4 months of age then the child should receive a third primary dose of either vaccine at 6 months of age.

A 2-dose primary schedule that is, doses at age 2 and 4 months is only appropriate when both doses are PedvaxHIB. Should children who recover from invasive Hib disease be vaccinated? Hib invasive disease does not always result in development of protective antibody levels. Children younger than 24 months of age who develop invasive Hib disease should be considered susceptible and should receive Hib vaccine.

Vaccination of these children should start as soon as possible during the convalescent phase of the illness. A complete series as recommended for the child's age should be administered. How should Hib vaccines be administered? All Hib-containing vaccines should be administered by the intramuscular route. We inadvertently gave a child only the DTaP-IPV component of Pentacel not realizing that this component was intended to reconstitute the Hib component.

Can we mix the unused Hib component with sterile water and give it separately? You cannot mix the Hib component with sterile water. Contraindications and Precautions Back to top What are the contraindications and precautions for Hib vaccine?

Vaccination with Hib vaccine is contraindicated for persons known to have experienced a severe allergic reaction anaphylaxis to a vaccine component or following a prior dose. The PedvaxHIB vial stopper contains dry natural rubber which could produce an allergic reaction in children with severe allergy to latex.

Vaccination should be delayed for children with moderate or severe acute illnesses. Minor illnesses, such as a mild upper respiratory infection are not contraindications to vaccination. Hib conjugate vaccines are contraindicated for children younger than 6 weeks of age because of the potential for development of immunologic tolerance. Vaccine Safety Back to top What adverse reactions may occur after Hib vaccination?

Adverse reactions following Hib conjugate vaccines are not common. Systemic reactions such as fever and irritability are infrequent. Serious reactions are rare. Hib and meningitis C infections are serious and potentially fatal. They can both cause meningitis and blood poisoning sepsis.

It's inactivated, which means it does not contain any live organisms, so there's no risk of your baby catching the infections it protects against. But they're usually mild and do not last long. Immunocompromised adults eg, because of cancer chemotherapy or HIV infection if they are unimmunized.

People who have had a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Hematopoietic stem cell HSC transplantation is a rapidly evolving technique that offers a potential cure for hematologic cancers leukemias, lymphomas, myeloma and other hematologic disorders A severe allergic reaction eg, anaphylaxis Anaphylaxis Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially life-threatening, IgE-mediated allergic reaction that occurs in previously sensitized people when they are reexposed to the sensitizing antigen.

Moderate or severe illness with or without a fever vaccination is postponed until the illness resolves. The Hib vaccine dose is 0. A primary childhood series is given in 3 doses at age 2, 4, and 6 months or in 2 doses at age 2 and 4 months, depending on the formulation. In either case, a booster is recommended at age 12 to 15 months. One dose is given to older children, adolescents, and adults who have asplenia or who are scheduled for an elective splenectomy if they are unimmunized.

Some experts suggest giving a dose before elective splenectomy regardless of vaccination history. Adverse effects are rare. They can include pain, redness, and swelling at the injection site and, in children, fever, crying, and irritability.

The following are some English-language resources that may be useful. Summary of changes to the adult immunization schedule. From developing new therapies that treat and prevent disease to helping people in need, we are committed to improving health and well-being around the world.

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